Bootstrap form


In this chapter, we will learn how to create a form using Bootstrap. Bootstrap can create different styles of forms through some simple HTML tags and extended classes.

Form layout

Bootstrap provides the following types of form layout:

  • Vertical form (default)

  • Inside Joint form

  • Horizontal form

Vertical or basic form

The basic form structure comes with Bootstrap, individual Form controls automatically receive some global styles. Listed below are the steps to create a basic form:

  • Add role="form" to the parent <form> element.

  • Put the labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group. This is necessary to obtain optimal spacing.

  • Add class .form-control to all text elements <input>, <textarea> and <select>.

##<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<title>Bootstrap Example - Basic Form</ title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
<script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
 <script src="http://apps.bdimg .com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
; div class="form-group">
; <label for="name">name</label>
; <input type=" text" class="form-control" id="name"
placeholder="Please enter a name">
</div>
<div class="form-group">
                                                                                                                                         >Here is an example of block-level help text. </p>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
##                                                                                                                ;
<button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">Submit</button>
</form>

</body>
</html>


Instance

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 基本表单</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="name">名称</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" 
         placeholder="请输入名称">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="inputfile">文件输入</label>
      <input type="file" id="inputfile">
      <p class="help-block">这里是块级帮助文本的实例。</p>
   </div>
   <div class="checkbox">
      <label>
      <input type="checkbox"> 请打勾
      </label>
   </div>
   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Run Example»

Click the "Run Instance" button to view the online instance

Inline form

If you need to create a form with all its elements inline, left-aligned, and labels side by side, add class to the <form> tag. form-inline. 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 内联表单</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form class="form-inline" role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label class="sr-only" for="name">名称</label>
      <input type="text" class="form-control" id="name" 
         placeholder="请输入名称">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label class="sr-only" for="inputfile">文件输入</label>
      <input type="file" id="inputfile">
   </div>
   <div class="checkbox">
      <label>
      <input type="checkbox"> 请打勾
      </label>
   </div>
   <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">提交</button>
</form>

</body>
</html>

  • By default, input, select, and textarea in Bootstrap have 100% width. When using inline forms, you need to set a width on the form control.

  • Using class .sr-only, you can hide the label of an inline form.

Horizontal form

Horizontal forms are different from other forms not only in the number of marks, but also in the form presentation. To create a horizontally laid out form, follow these steps:

  • Add class .form-horizontal to the parent <form> element.

  • Put the labels and controls in a <div> with class .form-group.

  • Add class .control-label to the label. 

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 水平表单</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form class="form-horizontal" role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="firstname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">名字</label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" id="firstname" 
            placeholder="请输入名字">
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="lastname" class="col-sm-2 control-label">姓</label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" id="lastname" 
            placeholder="请输入姓">
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
         <div class="checkbox">
            <label>
               <input type="checkbox"> 请记住我
            </label>
         </div>
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
         <button type="submit" class="btn btn-default">登录</button>
      </div>
   </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Supported form controls

Bootstrap supports the most common form controls, mainly input, textarea, checkbox, radio and select.

Input box (Input)

The most common form text field is the input box input. Users can enter most necessary form data there. Bootstrap provides support for all native HTML5 input types, including: text, password, datetime, datetime-local, date, month, time, week, number, email, url, search, tel and color. Appropriate type declarations are required in order for input to get full styling. 

实例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 输入框</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="name">标签</label>
    <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder="文本输入">
  </div>
 </form>

</body>
</html>

Text box (Textarea)

When you need to input multiple lines, you can use the text box textarea. The rows property can be changed if necessary (fewer rows = smaller boxes, more rows = larger boxes). 

实例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 文本框</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="name">文本框</label>
    <textarea class="form-control" rows="3"></textarea>
  </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Checkbox (Checkbox) and Radio Button (Radio)

Checkboxes and radio buttons are used to allow the user to select from a series of preset options.

  • When creating a form, use checkbox if you want the user to select several options from a list. If you restrict the user to selecting only one option, Please use radio for a range of checkboxes and radio buttons. Use

    .checkbox-inline
    • or
  • .radio- inline

    class, controls them to be displayed on the same line The following example demonstrates both types (default and inline):


Instance

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 复选框和单选按钮</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<label for="name">默认的复选框和单选按钮的实例</label>
<div class="checkbox">
   <label><input type="checkbox" value="">选项 1</label>
</div>
<div class="checkbox">
   <label><input type="checkbox" value="">选项 2</label>
</div>

<div class="radio">
   <label>
      <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios1" 
         value="option1" checked> 选项 1
   </label>
</div>
<div class="radio">
   <label>
      <input type="radio" name="optionsRadios" id="optionsRadios2" 
         value="option2">
         选项 2 - 选择它将会取消选择选项 1
   </label>
</div>
<label for="name">内联的复选框和单选按钮的实例</label>
<div>
   <label class="checkbox-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox1" value="option1"> 选项 1
   </label>
   <label class="checkbox-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox2" value="option2"> 选项 2
   </label>
   <label class="checkbox-inline">
      <input type="checkbox" id="inlineCheckbox3" value="option3"> 选项 3
   </label>
   <label class="checkbox-inline">
      <input type="radio" name="optionsRadiosinline" id="optionsRadios3" 
         value="option1" checked> 选项 1
   </label>
   <label class="checkbox-inline">
      <input type="radio" name="optionsRadiosinline" id="optionsRadios4" 
         value="option2"> 选项 2
   </label>
</div>

</body>
</html>

Run Instance»
Click the "Run Instance" button to view the online instance

Select box (Select)

Use a select box when you want the user to choose from multiple options, but only one option can be selected by default.

  • Use <select> to display list options, usually those that are familiar to users, such as states or numbers.

  • Use multiple="multiple" to allow the user to select multiple options.

The following example demonstrates these two types (select and multiple):


Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 选择框</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="name">选择列表</label>
      <select class="form-control">
         <option>1</option>
         <option>2</option>
         <option>3</option>
         <option>4</option>
         <option>5</option>
      </select>

      <label for="name">可多选的选择列表</label>
      <select multiple class="form-control">
         <option>1</option>
         <option>2</option>
         <option>3</option>
         <option>4</option>
         <option>5</option>
      </select>
   </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Run Example»

Click the "Run Example" button to view the online example

Static Control

When you need form labels within a horizontal form When placing plain text after <p>, use class .form-control-static on <p>. 

实例
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 静态控件</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form class="form-horizontal" role="form">
  <div class="form-group">
    <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">Email</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <p class="form-control-static">email@example.com</p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="form-group">
    <label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码</label>
    <div class="col-sm-10">
      <input type="password" class="form-control" id="inputPassword" 
         placeholder="请输入密码">
    </div>
  </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Form control state

In addition to the :focus state (i.e., the user clicks on the input or uses the tab key to focus on the input), Bootstrap also defines a disabled input box The style is specified and the form validation class is provided.

Input box focus

When the input box input receives :focus, the outline of the input box will be removed and box-shadow## will be applied. #.

Disabled input box input

If you want to disable an input box input, simply add the

disabled attribute. This will not only disable the input box, but also Changes the style of the input box and the style of the mouse pointer when it hovers over the element.

Disabled fieldset fieldset

Add the disabled attribute to <fieldset> to disable all controls within <fieldset>.

Validation Status

Bootstrap contains validation styles for error, warning, and success messages. Validation status can be used by simply adding the appropriate class (

.has-warning, .has-error or .has-success) to the parent element.

The following example demonstrates all control states:


Example

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 表单控件状态</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form class="form-horizontal" role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <label class="col-sm-2 control-label">聚焦</label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input class="form-control" id="focusedInput" type="text" 
            value="该输入框获得焦点...">
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <label for="inputPassword" class="col-sm-2 control-label">
         禁用
      </label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input class="form-control" id="disabledInput" type="text" 
            placeholder="该输入框禁止输入..." disabled>
      </div>
   </div>
   <fieldset disabled>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="disabledTextInput"  class="col-sm-2 control-label">
            禁用输入（Fieldset disabled）
         </label>
         <div class="col-sm-10">
            <input type="text" id="disabledTextInput" class="form-control" 
               placeholder="禁止输入">
         </div>
      </div>
      <div class="form-group">
         <label for="disabledSelect"  class="col-sm-2 control-label">
            禁用选择菜单（Fieldset disabled）
         </label>
         <div class="col-sm-10">
            <select id="disabledSelect" class="form-control">
               <option>禁止选择</option>
            </select>
         </div>
      </div>
   </fieldset>
   <div class="form-group has-success">
      <label class="col-sm-2 control-label" for="inputSuccess">
         输入成功
      </label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputSuccess">
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group has-warning">
      <label class="col-sm-2 control-label" for="inputWarning">
         输入警告
      </label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputWarning">
      </div>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group has-error">
      <label class="col-sm-2 control-label" for="inputError">
         输入错误
      </label>
      <div class="col-sm-10">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" id="inputError">
      </div>
   </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Running Example»Click the "Run Instance" button to view the online instance

Form control size

You can use class

.input-lg and .col- lg-* to set the height and width of the form. The following example demonstrates this:


Instance

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 表单控件大小</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
   <div class="form-group">
      <input class="form-control input-lg" type="text" 
         placeholder=".input-lg">
   </div>

   <div class="form-group">
      <input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="默认输入">
   </div>

   <div class="form-group">
      <input class="form-control input-sm" type="text" 
         placeholder=".input-sm">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <select class="form-control input-lg">
         <option value="">.input-lg</option>
      </select>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <select class="form-control">
         <option value="">默认选择</option>
      </select>
   </div>
   <div class="form-group">
      <select class="form-control input-sm">
         <option value="">.input-sm</option>
      </select>
   </div>

   <div class="row">
      <div class="col-lg-2">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-lg-2">
      </div>
      <div class="col-lg-3">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-lg-3">
      </div>
      <div class="col-lg-4">
         <input type="text" class="form-control" placeholder=".col-lg-4">
      </div>
   </div>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Run Instance»Click the "Run Instance" button View online examples

Form help text

Bootstrap form controls can have a block-level help text on the input box input. To add a content block that takes up the entire width, use .help-block after <input>. The following example demonstrates this:


Instance

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
   <title>Bootstrap 实例 - 表单帮助文本</title>
   <link rel="stylesheet" href="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/css/bootstrap.min.css">
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/jquery/2.1.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
   <script src="http://apps.bdimg.com/libs/bootstrap/3.3.0/js/bootstrap.min.js"></script>
</head>
<body>

<form role="form">
   <span>帮助文本实例</span>
   <input class="form-control" type="text" placeholder="">
   <span class="help-block">一个较长的帮助文本块，超过一行，
   需要扩展到下一行。本实例中的帮助文本总共有两行。</span>
</form>

</body>
</html>

Run Instance»

Click the "Run Instance" button View online examples


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