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Linux安装Nginx并配置启动命令

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2022年07月20日 17:50:40930浏览

镜像下载、域名解析、时间同步请点击 阿里云开源镜像站

安装前准备工作

因为Nginx依赖于gcc的编译环境，所以，需要安装编译环境来使Nginx能够编译起来

  1. yum install gcc-c++

Nginx的http模块需要使用pcre来解析正则表达式，需要安装pcre

  1. yum install -y pcre pcre-devel

安装依赖的解压包

  1. yum install -y zlib zlib-devel

ssl 功能需要 openssl 库，安装 openssl

  1. yum install -y openssl openssl-devel

下载Nginx

可以自己建立一个包，将nginx下载到这个路径，我设置的路径/opt/crm/nginx

如果需要其他nginx版本的可以参考 nginx仓库

  1. wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

下载完之后解压

  1. tar zxvf nginx-1.10.2.tar.gz

进入到解压之后的nginx目录

  1. [root@localhost src]# cd nginx-1.10.2
  2. [root@localhost nginx-1.10.2]# ./configure && make && make install

如果要使用ssl

  1. ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module

注意：如果配置了ssl，检查配置文件时报错

  1. nginx -t
  2. nginx:[emerg]unknown directive ssl错误
  4. 去到nginx安装的目录
  5. ./configure --with-http_ssl_module
  7. 注意要把新生成的文件复制到对应目录
  8. cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  10. 显示成功就搞定
  11. [root@iZ2ze02hshpth1x0vxo8r6Z sbin]# ./nginx -t
  12. nginx: the configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
  13. nginx: configuration file /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf test is successful
  14. [root@iZ2ze02hshpth1x0vxo8r6Z sbin]#

安装完之后查看安装目录

  1. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# whereis nginx
  2. nginx: /usr/local/nginx
  3. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

通过查找文件名方式

  1. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# find / -name nginx
  2. /opt/crm/nginx
  3. /opt/crm/nginx/nginx-1.10.2/objs/nginx
  4. /usr/local/nginx
  5. /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  6. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

直接执行

  1. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
  2. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]# ps -ef | grep nginx
  3. root      4666     1  0 09:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
  4. nobody    4667  4666  0 09:32 ?        00:00:00 nginx: worker process
  5. root      5028 29443  0 09:40 pts/0    00:00:00 grep --color=auto nginx
  6. [root@izbp10k7vskcf4soxxbp5gz /]#

在浏览器输入服务器IP地址

file

增加systemctl命令方式启动

直接启动和关闭nginx的方式

  1. 启动nginx的命令为     /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx  
  2. 停止nginx的命令为    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop
  3. 重启nginx的命令为    /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

配置方式 去到/usr/lib/systemd/system/目录新建一个nginx服务，给予执行权限

  1. vim /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service
  2. chmod +x /usr/lib/systemd/system/nginx.service

打开文件nginx.service新建内容

  1. [Unit]                                                                                      
  2. Description=nginx - high performance web server              
  3. After=network.target remote-fs.target nss-lookup.target   
  5. [Service]                                                                                 
  6. Type=forking                                                                        
  7. PIDFile=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid                               
  8. ExecStartPre=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf   
  9. ExecStart=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf           
  10. ExecReload=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload                                                 
  11. ExecStop=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s stop                                                       
  12. ExecQuit=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s quit                                                        
  13. PrivateTmp=true                                                                  
  15. [Install]
  16. WantedBy=multi-user.target

保存之后重载Ststemctl命令

  1. 在启动服务之前，需要先重载systemctl命令
  2. systemctl daemon-reload

配置完之后

  1. systemctl status nginx
  2. systemctl start nginx
  3. systemctl stop nginx
  4. systemctl restart nginx

附上配置

  1. #user  nobody;
  2. worker_processes  1;
  4. #error_log  logs/error.log;
  5. #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
  6. #error_log  logs/error.log  info;
  8. #pid        logs/nginx.pid;
  11. events {
  12.     worker_connections  65535;
  13. }
  16. http {
  17.     include       mime.types;
  18.     default_type  application/octet-stream;
  20.     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
  21.     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
  22.     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';
  24.     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;
  26.     sendfile        on;
  27.     #tcp_nopush     on;
  29.     #keepalive_timeout  0;
  30.     keepalive_timeout  65;
  32.     gzip    on;
  33.     #允许压缩的最小字节数
  34.     gzip_min_length 1k;
  35.     #4个单位为16k的内存作为压缩结果流缓存
  36.     gzip_buffers 4 16k;
  37.     #设置识别HTTP协议版本，默认是1.1
  38.     gzip_http_version 1.1;
  39.     #gzip压缩比，可在1~9中设置，1压缩比最小，速度最快，9压缩比最大，速度最慢，消耗CPU
  40.     gzip_comp_level 2;
  41.     #压缩的类型
  42.     gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  43.     #让前端的缓存服务器混村经过的gzip压缩的页面
  44.     gzip_vary   on;
  47.     # 配置转发到8700 端口
  48.     upstream  huida{
  49.       server  127.0.0.1:8700;
  50.     }
  52.     server {
  53.         listen       80;
  54.         listen       443 ssl;                       # 配置https，监听433端口
  55.         server_name  xxx.xxx;                    # 注意如果申请了域名配置再此，如果配置了证书才能https访问
  57.         error_page 405 =200 $request_uri;
  59.         ssl_certificate  cert/7629385.pem;
  60.         ssl_certificate_key cert/7629385.key;
  62.         client_max_body_size 50m;
  63.         underscores_in_headers on;
  65.         proxy_set_header Host      $host;
  66.         proxy_set_header  X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
  67.         proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
  68.         proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
  69.         index index.htm index.html index.php;
  71.         proxy_connect_timeout 60; #建立tcp协议的连接时间
  72.         proxy_send_timeout 60;    #发送接口的时间
  73.         proxy_read_timeout 60;    #读取时间（接口响应时间）
  75.         #charset koi8-r;
  76.         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;
  79.         # 配置转发
  80.       location /huida/ {
  82.                  add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin' '*';
  83.                  add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Methods' 'GET, POST, OPTIONS';
  84.                  add_header 'Access-Control-Allow-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Content-Range,Range,Token';
  85.                  add_header 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers' 'DNT,X-CustomHeader,Keep-Alive,User-Agent,X-Requested-With,If-Modified-Since,Cache-Control,Content-Type,Content-Range,Range,Token';
  87.               proxy_pass http://huida;
  88.          }
  91.         location / {
  92.             root   /home/html/huida/;
  93.             index  index.html index.htm;
  94.         }
  97.         #静态文件交给nginx处理 代理前端静态资源
  98.         location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf|ioc|rar|zip|txt|flv|mid|doc|ppt|pdf|xls|mp3|wma)$
  99.         {
  101.          root /home/html/huida/;
  102.                 expires 12;
  103.         }
  105.         #静态文件交给nginx处理
  106.         location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
  107.         {
  108.           root /home/html/huida/;
  110.             expires 15d;
  111.         }
  113.         #error_page  404              /404.html;
  115.         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
  116.         #
  117.         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
  118.         location = /50x.html {
  119.             root   html;
  120.         }
  122.         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
  123.         #
  124.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  125.         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
  126.         #}
  128.         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
  129.         #
  130.         #location ~ \.php$ {
  131.         #    root           html;
  132.         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
  133.         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
  134.         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
  135.         #    include        fastcgi_params;
  136.         #}
  138.         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
  139.         # concurs with nginx's one
  140.         #
  141.         #location ~ /\.ht {
  142.         #    deny  all;
  143.         #}
  144.     }
  147.     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
  148.     #
  149.     #server {
  150.     #    listen       8000;
  151.     #    listen       somename:8080;
  152.     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;
  154.     #    location / {
  155.     #        root   html;
  156.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  157.     #    }
  158.     #}
  161.     # HTTPS server
  162.     #
  163.     #server {
  164.     #    listen       443 ssl;
  165.     #    server_name  localhost;
  167.     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
  168.     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;
  170.     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
  171.     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;
  173.     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
  174.     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;
  176.     #    location / {
  177.     #        root   html;
  178.     #        index  index.html index.htm;
  179.     #    }
  180.     #}
  181.     }

原文链接：https://blog.csdn.net/YMZ8848/article/details/123438614

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