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PHP中的文件上传

王娇
王娇原创
2020年05月15日 06:47:00740浏览

学习总结

  • 文件上传操作封装在类中利于使用和维护
  • 文件批量上传时前端的input中写multiple参数
  • 文件上传时前端form必须是POST方式上传，method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data",而且表单发送前的编码方式必须是二进制编码。

1.单文件上传类 upFException.php

  2. <?php
  3. namespace compotents\conn
  4. {
  5.     include 'upFException.php';
  6.     class UploadFile
  7.     {
  8.         private $oriFileName;//原始文件名
  9.         private $fileType;//文件类型 
  10.         private $error;//错误类型
  11.         private $tmpFileName;//临时文件名
  12.         private $fileSize;//已上传文件大小
  13.         public function __construct($file)
  14.         {
  15.             $this->oriFileName = $file['name'];
  16.             $this->fileType = $file['type'];
  17.             $this->error = $file['error'];
  18.             $this->tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'];
  19.             $this->fileSize = $file['size'];
  20.         }
  22.         public function checkSuccess($fileType):bool//检测文件是否上传成功
  23.         {
  24.             $error = $this->error;
  25.             $type = strstr($this->fileType,'/',true);
  26.             try {
  27.                 if ($error > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) :
  28.                     switch ($error) :
  29.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  30.                             throw new upFException('上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  31.                         break;
  32.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  33.                             throw new upFException('上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  34.                             break;
  35.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  36.                             throw new upFException('文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  37.                             break;
  38.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  39.                             throw new upFException('没有文件被上传', 4);
  40.                             break;
  41.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  42.                             throw new upFException('找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  43.                             break;
  44.                         case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  45.                             throw new upFException('文件写入失败', 7);
  46.                             break;
  47.                         default:
  48.                             throw new upFException('未知类型错误', 8);
  49.                     endswitch;
  50.                 endif;
  51.                 if ($type !== strtolower($fileType)):
  52.                     throw new upFException('文件类型错误', 9);
  53.                 endif;
  54.                 return true;
  55.             }
  56.             catch (upFException $e)
  57.             {
  58.                 echo $e;
  59.                 return false;
  60.             }
  61.         }
  62.         public function saveFile($destDir,$destFileName)
  63.         {
  64.             $tmp = $this->tmpFileName;
  65.             $ori = $this->oriFileName;
  66.             $dest = $destDir.$destFileName;
  67.             if(is_uploaded_file($tmp))://判断是否是post方式上传的文件
  68.                 move_uploaded_file($tmp,$dest);
  69.             endif;
  70.         }
  71.     }
  72. }
  73. ?>
  • 单文件上传前端处理部分代码
  2. case 'regist':
  3.         if($_SERVER['REQUEST_METHOD']==='POST'):
  4.             $name = trim($_POST['userName']);
  5.             $nc = trim($_POST['userNc']);
  6.             $pwd = md5(trim($_POST['pwd1']));
  7.             $tpwd = trim($_POST['pwd1']);
  8.             $rdate = date('Y-m-d'); 
  10.             //使用用户名生成文件头像
  11.             $fileName = strstr($name,'.',true).'.png';
  12.             //生成一个文件上传的对象
  13.             $file = new UploadFile($_FILES['userHeadImg']);
  14.             //检测文件是否上传成功，参数是文件上传的类型限定
  15.             if($file->checkSuccess('image')):
  16.                 //如果文件上传成功，则保存文件到服务器上
  17.                 $destDir = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']. '/php11/0511/images/headImg/';
  18.                 $file->saveFile($destDir,$fileName);
  19.             else:
  20.                 exit('<script>alert("头像上传失败");location.href="register.php";</script>');
  21.             endif;
  22.             $data = ['name'=>"$name",'nc'=>"$nc",'password'=>"$pwd",'tpassword'=>"$tpwd",'regdate'=>"$rdate",'headimg'=>"$fileName"];
  23.             //先判断一下用户名是否已经注册
  24.             $where = "`name`='$name'";
  25.             $res = $user->select($table,$where);
  26.             if(count($res)):
  27.                 exit('<script>alert("邮箱已经注册过了，可直接登录");location.href="login.php";</script>');
  29.             else:
  31.                 $rowCount = $user->insert($table,$data); //返回受影响的记录条数
  32.                 if($rowCount):  
  33.                     exit('<script>alert("注册成功");location.href="login.php";</script>');
  34.                 else:
  35.                     exit('<script>alert("注册失败");location.href="register.php";</script>');
  36.                 endif;
  37.             endif;
  39.         else:
  40.             die('请求类型错误！');
  41.         endif;
  • 实现效果

2.文件批量上传类 UploadMulFile.php

  2. <?php
  3. namespace compotents\conn
  4. {
  5.     include 'upFException.php';
  6.     class UploadMulFile
  7.     {
  8.         private $oriFileName = [];//原始文件名
  9.         private $fileType = [];//文件类型 
  10.         private $error = [];//错误类型
  11.         private $tmpFileName = [];//临时文件名
  12.         private $fileSize = [];//已上传文件大小
  13.         public function __construct($file)
  14.         {
  15.             $this->oriFileName = $file['name'];
  16.             $this->fileType = $file['type'];
  17.             $this->error = $file['error'];
  18.             $this->tmpFileName = $file['tmp_name'];
  19.             $this->fileSize = $file['size'];
  20.         }
  22.         public function checkSuccess($fileType):bool//检测文件是否上传成功
  23.         {
  24.             $errors = $this->error;
  25.             foreach($errors as $key => $error ):
  26.                 $type = strstr($this->fileType[$key],'/',true);
  27.                 $ori = $this->oriFileName[$key];
  28.                 try {
  29.                     if ($error > UPLOAD_ERR_OK) :
  30.                         switch ($error) :
  31.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_INI_SIZE:
  32.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'上传的文件超过了 php.ini 中 upload_max_filesize 选项限制的值', 1);
  33.                             break;
  34.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_FORM_SIZE:
  35.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'上传文件的大小超过了 HTML 表单中 MAX_FILE_SIZE 选项指定的值', 2);
  36.                                 break;
  37.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_PARTIAL:
  38.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'文件只有部分被上传', 3);
  39.                                 break;
  40.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_FILE:
  41.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'没有文件被上传', 4);
  42.                                 break;
  43.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_NO_TMP_DIR:
  44.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'找不到临时文件夹', 6);
  45.                                 break;
  46.                             case UPLOAD_ERR_CANT_WRITE:
  47.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'文件写入失败', 7);
  48.                                 break;
  49.                             default:
  50.                                 throw new upFException($ori.'未知类型错误', 8);
  51.                         endswitch;
  52.                     endif;
  53.                     if ($type !== strtolower($fileType)):
  54.                         throw new upFException($ori.'文件类型错误', 9);
  55.                     endif;
  56.                 }
  57.                 catch (upFException $e)
  58.                 {
  59.                     echo $e;
  60.                     return false;
  61.                 }
  62.             endforeach;
  64.             return true;//如果没有错误，返回true
  65.         }
  66.         public function saveFile($destDir):array
  67.         {
  68.             $tmps = $this->tmpFileName;
  69.             $images = [];
  70.             foreach($tmps as $key => $tmp):
  71.                 $tmp = $this->tmpFileName[$key];
  72.                 $ori = $this->oriFileName[$key];
  73.                 $images[$key] = $ori;
  74.                 $dest = $destDir.$ori;
  75.                 if(is_uploaded_file($tmp))://判断是否是post方式上传的文件
  76.                     move_uploaded_file($tmp,$dest);
  77.                 endif;
  78.             endforeach;
  79.             return $images;
  80.         }
  81.     }
  82. }
  83. ?>
  • 文件批量上传前端代码 showGoods.php
  2. <!DOCTYPE html>
  3. <html lang="en">
  5. <head>
  6.     <meta charset="UTF-8">
  7.     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
  8.     <link rel="stylesheet" href="css/form.css">
  9.     <title>Document</title>
  10. </head>
  12. <body>
  13.     <div class="showgoods">
  14.         <?php
  15.             require 'autoLoad.php';
  16.             use compotents\conn\UploadMulFile;
  18.             if(count($_FILES)):
  19.                 $file = new UploadMulFile($_FILES['goods']);
  20.                 if($file->checkSuccess('image')):
  21.                     //如果文件上传成功，则保存文件到服务器上
  22.                     $destDir = $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT']. '/php11/0511/images/goods/';
  23.                     $images = $file->saveFile($destDir,$fileName);
  24.                 endif;
  25.         ?>
  26.         <div style="display: flex;flex-flow: row wrap;justify-content: space-evenly;
  27.   align-items: center;">
  28.             <?php foreach($images as $image):?>
  29.             <div
  30.                 style="width: 180px;height:150px; display:flex;justify-content:cetner;align-items: center;margin: 10px 10px;">
  31.                 <img src="images/goods/<?php echo $image ?>" alt=""></div>
  32.             <?php endforeach; ?>
  33.         </div>
  34.         <?php        
  35.             else:
  36.         ?>
  37.         <form action="" method="POST" enctype="multipart/form-data">
  38.             <div>
  39.                 <input type="file" name="goods[]" multiple>
  40.             </div>
  41.             <div><button type="submit">上传</button></div>
  42.         </form>
  43.         <?php
  44.             endif;
  45.         ?>
  47.     </div>
  48. </body>
  50. </html>
  • 代码效果图

3.文件上传异常类 upFException.php

  2. <?
  3. namespace compotents\conn
  4. {
  6. use Exception;
  8. class upFException extends Exception
  9.     {
  10.         // 在异常子类中,可以访问并重写Exception中的四个属性,通过__toString()格式化异常输出信息
  11.         public function __toString()
  12.         {
  13.             return <<< UPLOAD
  14.                 <style>
  15.                     table {border-collapse: collapse;border:1px solid black;text-align: center;}
  16.                     td {border:1px solid black;padding: 5px;}
  17.                     tr:first-of-type {background-color:#eee;    
  18.                     }
  19.                     tr:last-of-type td {color: coral;}
  20.                 </style>
  21.                 <table>
  22.                     <tr><td>代码</td><td>信息</td><td>文件</td><td>行号</td></tr>
  23.                     <tr><td>$this->code</td><td>$this->message</td><td>$this->file</td><td>$this->line</td></tr>
  24.                 </table>
  25.                 UPLOAD;
  27.         }
  28.     }
  30. }
  31. ?>
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