如果存储汉字的字段编码使用的是GBK字符集,因为GBK内码编码时本身就采用了拼音排序的方法(常用一级汉字3755个采用拼音排序,二级汉字就不是了,但考虑到人名等都是常用汉字,因此只是针对一级汉字能正确排序也够用了),直接在查询语句后面添加ORDER BY name ASC,查询结果将按照姓氏的升序排序;如果存储姓名的字段采用的是utf8字符集,需要在排序的时候对字段进行转码,对应的代码是ORDER BY convert(name using gbk) ASC,同样,查询的结果也是按照姓氏的升序排序。
按拼音首字母分类显示的时候,需要借助一个中间表,存储的是字母对应的汉字的编码范围,这样的话,每次取出汉字然后跟中间表比对就可以了,中间表创建和插入数据的SQL如下:
/*Navicat MySQL Data Transfer
Target Server Type : MYSQL
Target Server Version : 50617
File Encoding : 65001
Date: 2015-07-02 11:12:15*/SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS=0;-- ------------------------------ Table structure for t_coslers-- ----------------------------DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `t_coslers`;CREATE TABLE `t_coslers` (
`id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
`f_PY` char(1) CHARACTER SET utf8 DEFAULT NULL,
`cBegin` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL,
`cEnd` smallint(5) unsigned NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=24 DEFAULT CHARSET=latin1;-- ------------------------------ Records of t_coslers-- ----------------------------INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('1', 'A', '45217', '45252');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('2', 'B', '45253', '45760');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('3', 'C', '45761', '46317');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('4', 'D', '46318', '46825');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('5', 'E', '46826', '47009');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('6', 'F', '47010', '47296');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('7', 'G', '47297', '47613');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('8', 'H', '47614', '48118');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('9', 'J', '48119', '49061');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('10', 'K', '49062', '49323');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('11', 'L', '49324', '49895');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('12', 'M', '49896', '50370');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('13', 'N', '50371', '50613');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('14', 'O', '50614', '50621');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('15', 'P', '50622', '50905');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('16', 'Q', '50906', '51386');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('17', 'R', '51387', '51445');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('18', 'S', '51446', '52217');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('19', 'T', '52218', '52697');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('20', 'W', '52698', '52979');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('21', 'X', '52980', '53640');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('22', 'Y', '53689', '54480');INSERT INTO `t_coslers` VALUES ('23', 'Z', '54481', '55289');
使用拼音表t_cosler 与 要查询的目标表 关联查询 ,查询拼音为“S”的汉字;
//排序
SELECT t1.id, t1.name, t2.f_PYFROM t_user t1, t_coslers t2WHERE CONV(HEX(LEFT(CONVERT(t1.name USING gbk ), 1)), 16, 10) BETWEEN t2.cBegin AND t2.cEndORDER BY convert(t1.name using gbk) ASC
//查找指定拼音
SELECT t1.id, t1.name, t2.f_PYFROM t_user t1, t_coslers t2WHERE CONV(HEX(LEFT(CONVERT(t1.name USING gbk ), 1)), 16, 10) BETWEEN t2.cBegin AND and t2.py = "b"