最近在做校园图书馆图书信息的采集程序,既然是图书馆图书的采集,肯定有提交搜索的页面,无非是post提交,让我想到了curl模拟提交,首先通过firebug进行抓包查询下post提交后的格式如下:
txtWxlx=CN&hidWxlx=spanCNLx&txtPY=HZ&txtTm=%D2%F4%C0%D6&txtLx=%25&txtSearchType=1&nMaxCount=100&nSetPageSize=10&cSortFld=%D5%FD%CC%E2%C3%FB&B1=%BC%EC+%CB%F7;搜索的关键字name=txtTm,随后代码如下:
<?php $keyword="音乐";$post="txtWxlx=CN&hidWxlx=spanCNLx&txtPY=HZ&txtTm={$keyword}&txtLx=%25&txtSearchType=1&nMaxCount=100&nSetPageSize=20&cSortFld=%D5%FD%CC%E2%C3%FB&B1=%BC%EC+%CB%F7";$url = "http://210.30.68.130/wxjs/tmjs.asp";//查询地址$ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, "http://210.30.68.130/wxjs/tmjs_form.asp/ "); //模拟来源 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);//URL curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION,1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); //模拟POST curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);//POST内容 curl_exec($ch); $output = curl_close($ch); echo $output; ?>
但返回的页面总是显示没有相关内容,如果把关键字改成英语或者数字就可以正常显示了,于是想到这应该是编码问题,然后在post上面可以看到txtTm=%D2%F4%C0%D6经过查询得知这是url编码,汉字会进行转化,如果是英语则不会发生任何改变,于是就把头信息也加了部分内容进去如下:
$header = array(); $header[] = 'User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; rv:30.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/30.0'; $header[] = 'Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8'; $header[] = 'Connection: keep-alive'; $header[] = 'Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded'; curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $header );
其实主要是$header[] = 'Content-Type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded';再次加载页面后如果是汉字显示还是没有相关的内容,随后想到了一个很简单的问题所在,php程序是utf8的,然而图书馆的网站是gb2312,好吧,再加上一句,$keyword = iconv('UTF-8', 'GB2312', $keyword);再次加载成功,这个应该才是问题关键所在,然后我把头信息删除后添加一句$keyword = urlencode($keyword);再次加载也就是下面的代码:
<?php $keyword="世界"; $keyword = iconv('UTF-8', 'GB2312', $keyword); $keyword = urlencode($keyword); $post="txtWxlx=CN&hidWxlx=spanCNLx&txtPY=HZ&txtTm={$keyword}&txtLx=%25&txtSearchType=1&nMaxCount=100&nSetPageSize=20&cSortFld=%D5%FD%CC%E2%C3%FB&B1=%BC%EC+%CB%F7"; $url = "http://210.30.68.130/wxjs/tmjs.asp"; //查询地址 $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt ($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, "http://210.30.68.130/wxjs/tmjs_form.asp/ "); //模拟来源 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, $url);//URL curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_FOLLOWLOCATION,1); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); //模拟POST curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $post);//POST内容 curl_exec($ch); $output = curl_close($ch); echo $output; ?>
CURL模拟POST ,实例1:
<?php $uri = "http://tanteng.duapp.com/test.php"; // 参数数组 $data = array ( 'name' => 'tanteng' // 'pass word ' => 'password' ); $ch = curl_init (); // print_r($ch); curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_URL, $uri ); curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1 ); curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, 0 ); curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, 1 ); curl_setopt ( $ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $data ); $return = curl_exec ( $ch ); curl_close ( $ch ); print_r($return); //接受php页面远程服务器: <?php if(isset($_POST['name'])){ if(!empty($_POST['name'])){ echo '您好,',$_POST['name'].'!'; } }
CURL模拟POST ,实例2
用CURL模拟POST请求抓取邮编与地址:
<?php $runtime = new runtime (); $runtime->start (); $cookie_jar = tempnam('/tmp','cookie'); $filename = $argv[1]; $start_num= $argv[2]; $end_num = $argv[3]; for($i=$start_num; $i<$end_num; $i++){ $zip = sprintf('6s',$i); $fields_post = array( 'postcode' => $zip, 'queryKind' => 2, 'reqCode' => 'gotoSearch', 'search_button.x'=>37, 'search_button.y'=>12 ); $fields_string = http_build_query ( $fields_post, '&' ); $ch = curl_init(); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, "URL?reqCode=gotoSearch&queryKind=2&postcode=".$zip); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_CONNECTTIMEOUT, 120 ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_REFERER, $refer ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HTTPHEADER, $headers_login ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEFILE, $cookie_jar ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_COOKIEJAR, $cookie_jar ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_USERAGENT, $_SERVER['HTTP_USER_AGENT']); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, 1); // 发送一个常规的Post请求 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS, $fields_string ); $data = curl_exec($ch); preg_match_all('/id="table1">[s]*?<tr>[s]*?<td class="maintext">[sS]*?</td>[s]*?</tr>/', $data, $matches); if (!$handle = fopen($filename, 'a+')) { echo "不能打开文件$filename"; echo "n"; exit; } if (fwrite($handle, $matches[0][1]) === FALSE) { echo "不能写入到文件$filename"; echo "n"; exit; } echo "成功地将$somecontent 写入到文件$filename"; echo "n"; fclose($handle); curl_close($ch); } class runtime { var $StartTime = 0; var $StopTime = 0; function get_microtime() { list($usec,$sec)=explode(' ',microtime());return((float)$usec+(float)$sec); } function start() { $this->StartTime=$this->get_microtime(); } function stop(){ $this->StopTime=$this->get_microtime(); } function spent() { return ($this->StopTime-$this->StartTime); } } $runtime->stop (); $con = 'Processed in'.$runtime->spent().'seconds'; echo 'Processed in'. $runtime->spent().'seconds';
CURL模拟POST ,实例3
模拟POST请求提交数据或上传文件
http://www.a.com/a.php 发送POST请求 function execUpload(){ $file = '/doucment/Readme.txt'; $ch = curl_init(); $post_data = array( 'loginfield' => 'username', 'username' => 'ybb', 'password' => '123456', 'file' => '@d:usrwwww.shanxiwang.netwwtranslatedocumentReadme.txt' ); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_HEADER, false); //启用时会发送一个常规的POST请求,类型为:application/x-www-form-urlencoded,就像表单提交的一样。 curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POST, true); curl_setopt($ch,CURLOPT_BINARYTRANSFER,true); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_POSTFIELDS,$post_data); curl_setopt($ch, CURLOPT_URL, 'handleUpload.php'); $info= curl_exec($ch); curl_close($ch); print_r($info); } 2.http://www.b.com/handleUpload.php function handleUpload(){ print_r($_POST); echo '===file upload info:'; print_r($_FILES);
■cURL 函数
■curl_close —关闭一个cURL会话
■curl_copy_handle —复制一个cURL句柄和它的所有选项
■curl_errno —返回最后一次的错误号
■curl_error —返回一个保护当前会话最近一次错误的字符串
■curl_exec —执行一个cURL会话
■curl_getinfo —获取一个cURL连接资源句柄的信息
■curl_init —初始化一个cURL会话
■curl_multi_add_handle —向curl批处理会话中添加单独的curl句柄
■curl_multi_close —关闭一组cURL句柄
■curl_multi_exec —运行当前cURL 句柄的子连接
■curl_multi_getcontent—如果设置了CURLOPT_RETURNTRANSFER,则返回获取的输出的文本流
■curl_multi_info_read —获取当前解析的cURL的相关传输信息
■curl_multi_init —返回一个新cURL批处理句柄
■curl_multi_remove_handle — 移除curl批处理句柄资源中的某个句柄资源
■curl_multi_select—等待所有cURL批处理中的活动连接
■curl_setopt_array —为cURL传输会话批量设置选项
■curl_setopt —设置一个cURL传输选项
■curl_version —获取cURL版本信息