原文:Stop Maiming Bodies:The Perils of Pixel Font-Size
作者:Natalia Balska
Stop Maiming Bodies:The Perils of Pixel Font-Size想象一下,如果你有视力障碍或阅读障碍。浏览器有一个内置的字体大小设置,你可以增加默认字体大小后开始浏览。奇怪的是,大多数网站的文本还是显得很小,所以你回到浏览器设置,并再次增加字体大小。再返回到页面上之后,你发现该设置根本不起作用。
过去几年里,我们已经学会了如何使用并逐步接受相对单位的使用。也就是用 rem或 em而不是使用像素化的 font-size。
许多码农仍然在 html或 body标签中设置了“初始”的 font-size,往往采用 px为单位。如果你还没完全理解相对单位,这会带给你方便,因为所有的 em和 rem都和初始值挂钩。
/* body的字体有一个固定的值 */body { font-size: 14px; } /* h1的字体设置为2em */h1 { font-size: 2em; }
不幸的是,该初始值不便于某些用户。我之前提到的那个浏览器设置,只设置了基本字体大小。每一个绝对单位( px, pt, inch等)都会把它覆盖掉。
/* 模拟浏览器的字体设置 */html { font-size: 18px; }/* 绝对单位会覆盖掉浏览器的设置 */body { font-size: 14px; }
结果呢,虽然设置了浏览器的字体大小,但用户仍然以 14px 浏览网页,设置再大也没用。
许多网站都是这样:
- Google.com
- Twitter.com
- Facebook.com
- Github.com
- Codepen.io
缩放和字体大小的区别
有一个理由我知道:“缩放是有效的,这不是一回事吗?”
几乎所有的浏览器有缩放的能力,可以扩大整个页面。从技术上讲,它可以扩大各种单位,百分比的除外。对视力障碍者来说这是很好的。
更改浏览器的字体大小,只是改变了基本字体大小。有些人有很好的视力,但有阅读障碍,增加字体大小可以减少症状的严重程度。
正确的方法
绝对单位很令人棘手。但如果我们使用相对单位,比如 % 和 em,浏览器的设置就会有效。默认情况下 1em大约为 16px。所以,如果你确实不用默认字体大小,可以设置 font-size为 .875em或 87.5%这差不多是 14px。
/*这三种字体设置是一样的: - font-size: 100%; - font-size: 1em; - 或者没有设置字体大小属性 */body { font-size: 1em; } /* 如果用户修改浏览器设置,正文和标题文本将相应的规模的变化 */h1 { font-size: 2em; }
这些网站做的不错:
- Sitepoint.com
- Smashingmagazine.com
结论
虽然绝对单位用在文字排版是行业的普遍做法。可能是因为它是明确的,而相对单位需要深层嵌套元素根据主体元素计算出不同的 font-size。
但这或许考虑不周。为了使视觉受损或那些有阅读障碍更好地浏览网页,我们必须使用相对单位。

HTMLattributesareessentialforenhancingwebelements'functionalityandappearance.Theyaddinformationtodefinebehavior,appearance,andinteraction,makingwebsitesinteractive,responsive,andvisuallyappealing.Attributeslikesrc,href,class,type,anddisabledtransform

TocreatealistinHTML,useforunorderedlistsandfororderedlists:1)Forunorderedlists,wrapitemsinanduseforeachitem,renderingasabulletedlist.2)Fororderedlists,useandfornumberedlists,customizablewiththetypeattributefordifferentnumberingstyles.

HTML is used to build websites with clear structure. 1) Use tags such as, and define the website structure. 2) Examples show the structure of blogs and e-commerce websites. 3) Avoid common mistakes such as incorrect label nesting. 4) Optimize performance by reducing HTTP requests and using semantic tags.

ToinsertanimageintoanHTMLpage,usethetagwithsrcandaltattributes.1)UsealttextforaccessibilityandSEO.2)Implementsrcsetforresponsiveimages.3)Applylazyloadingwithloading="lazy"tooptimizeperformance.4)OptimizeimagesusingtoolslikeImageOptimtoreduc

The core purpose of HTML is to enable the browser to understand and display web content. 1. HTML defines the web page structure and content through tags, such as, to, etc. 2. HTML5 enhances multimedia support and introduces and tags. 3.HTML provides form elements to support user interaction. 4. Optimizing HTML code can improve web page performance, such as reducing HTTP requests and compressing HTML.

HTMLtagsareessentialforwebdevelopmentastheystructureandenhancewebpages.1)Theydefinelayout,semantics,andinteractivity.2)SemantictagsimproveaccessibilityandSEO.3)Properuseoftagscanoptimizeperformanceandensurecross-browsercompatibility.

A consistent HTML encoding style is important because it improves the readability, maintainability and efficiency of the code. 1) Use lowercase tags and attributes, 2) Keep consistent indentation, 3) Select and stick to single or double quotes, 4) Avoid mixing different styles in projects, 5) Use automation tools such as Prettier or ESLint to ensure consistency in styles.

Solution to implement multi-project carousel in Bootstrap4 Implementing multi-project carousel in Bootstrap4 is not an easy task. Although Bootstrap...


Hot AI Tools

Undresser.AI Undress
AI-powered app for creating realistic nude photos

AI Clothes Remover
Online AI tool for removing clothes from photos.

Undress AI Tool
Undress images for free

Clothoff.io
AI clothes remover

Video Face Swap
Swap faces in any video effortlessly with our completely free AI face swap tool!

Hot Article

Hot Tools

VSCode Windows 64-bit Download
A free and powerful IDE editor launched by Microsoft

mPDF
mPDF is a PHP library that can generate PDF files from UTF-8 encoded HTML. The original author, Ian Back, wrote mPDF to output PDF files "on the fly" from his website and handle different languages. It is slower than original scripts like HTML2FPDF and produces larger files when using Unicode fonts, but supports CSS styles etc. and has a lot of enhancements. Supports almost all languages, including RTL (Arabic and Hebrew) and CJK (Chinese, Japanese and Korean). Supports nested block-level elements (such as P, DIV),

MantisBT
Mantis is an easy-to-deploy web-based defect tracking tool designed to aid in product defect tracking. It requires PHP, MySQL and a web server. Check out our demo and hosting services.

MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows
This project is in the process of being migrated to osdn.net/projects/mingw, you can continue to follow us there. MinGW: A native Windows port of the GNU Compiler Collection (GCC), freely distributable import libraries and header files for building native Windows applications; includes extensions to the MSVC runtime to support C99 functionality. All MinGW software can run on 64-bit Windows platforms.

Safe Exam Browser
Safe Exam Browser is a secure browser environment for taking online exams securely. This software turns any computer into a secure workstation. It controls access to any utility and prevents students from using unauthorized resources.
