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文字

HTTP Authorization请求标头包含用于向服务器认证用户代理的凭证,通常在服务器响应401 Unauthorized状态和WWW-Authenticate标题后。

Header type

Request header

Forbidden header name

no

语法

Authorization: <type> <credentials>

指令

<type> 认证类型。常见的类型是“基本”。其他类型:

  • IANA 认证计划注册表

  • AWS 服务器身份验证(AWS4-HMAC-SHA256

<credentials> 如果使用“Basic”身份验证方案,则凭证的构造方式如下所示:

  • 用户名和密码与冒号(aladdin:opensesame)组合在一起。

  • 生成的字符串是 base64 编码的(YWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuc2VzYW1l)。

注意:Base64 编码并不意味着加密或哈希!此方法与以明文形式发送凭据同样安全( base64 是可逆编码)。倾向于将 HTTPS 与基本认证结合使用。

例子

Authorization: Basic YWxhZGRpbjpvcGVuc2VzYW1l

有关如何配置 Apache 或 nginx 服务器以使用 HTTP 基本身份验证为您的站点密码保护的示例,另请参阅 HTTP 身份验证。

规范

Specification

Title

RFC 7235, section 4.2: Authorization

HTTP/1.1: Authentication

RFC 7617

The 'Basic' HTTP Authentication Scheme

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