本文主要和大家分享基于Docker的Mysql主从复制，希望能帮助到大家。
环境简介
主服务器：jd云 centos
从服务器：Vultr云 CentOS
为了方便测试，都使用Docker运行Mysql，Docker启动命令如下：
<a style='color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;' href="https://m.php.cn/zt/15865.html" target="_blank">docker</a> run --name <a style='color:#f60; text-decoration:underline;' href="https://m.php.cn/zt/15713.html" target="_blank">mysql</a>-server-01 -p 3306:3306 -v "$PWD"/conf.d:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /my/own/datadir:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=my-secret-pw -d mysql:latest
以上均把mysql配置目录和data目录映射到了宿主机。
配置Master
为了方便，专门建一个目录用来操作master数据库，结构如下
mysql
└── server01
├── conf.d
├── data
└── start.sh在cond.d建立my.cnf用来配置master
[mysqld]log-bin=mysql-binserver-id=1innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit=1sync_binlog=1
然后就可以启动容器了。
启动后，进入容器操作mysql
# 进入容器 docker exec -it 容器ID bash # 进入msyql客户端 mysql -u root -p # 新建salve用户并配置权限，格式如下 mysql> CREATE USER 'repl'@'%.example.com' IDENTIFIED BY 'password'; mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* TO 'repl'@'%.example.com'; # 查看master状态，这里file和position后面配置salve会用到mysql> show master status; +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| File | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+| mysql-bin.000001 | 1092 | | | | +------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+1 row in set (0.00 sec)
配置slave服务器
slave my.cnf配置文件如下（这里为了简便，省去很多参数，勿用于生产环境）：
[mysqld]server-id=2
然后启动容器，进入mysql客户端。
# 配置master到slave
mysql> CHANGE MASTER TO
-> MASTER_HOST='master_host_name', -> MASTER_USER='replication_user_name', -> MASTER_PASSWORD='replication_password', -> MASTER_LOG_FILE='recorded_log_file_name', -> MASTER_LOG_POS=recorded_log_position;上面的MASTER_LOG_FILE和MASTER_LOG_POS就是前面show master stuas 看到的file和position
然后启动slave
START SLAVE;
查看运行状态：
mysql> show slave status\G;*************************** 1. row *************************** Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event Master_Host: xxx.com Master_User: slave1 Master_Port: 3306 Connect_Retry: 60 Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 1092 Relay_Log_File: ca210e4caaaa-relay-bin.000002 Relay_Log_Pos: 813 Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001 Slave_IO_Running: Yes Slave_SQL_Running: Yes Replicate_Do_DB: Replicate_Ignore_DB: Replicate_Do_Table: Replicate_Ignore_Table: Replicate_Wild_Do_Table: Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table: Last_Errno: 0 Last_Error: Skip_Counter: 0 Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 1092 Relay_Log_Space: 1027 Until_Condition: None Until_Log_File: Until_Log_Pos: 0 Master_SSL_Allowed: No Master_SSL_CA_File: Master_SSL_CA_Path: Master_SSL_Cert: Master_SSL_Cipher: Master_SSL_Key: Seconds_Behind_Master: 0Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No Last_IO_Errno: 0 Last_IO_Error: Last_SQL_Errno: 0 Last_SQL_Error: Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids: Master_Server_Id: 1 Master_UUID: 5c2073ab-0ad6-11e8-a871-0242ac110005 Master_Info_File: /var/lib/mysql/master.info SQL_Delay: 0 SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates Master_Retry_Count: 86400 Master_Bind: Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp: Master_SSL_Crl: Master_SSL_Crlpath: Retrieved_Gtid_Set: Executed_Gtid_Set: Auto_Position: 0 Replicate_Rewrite_DB: Channel_Name: Master_TLS_Version: 1 row in set (0.00 sec)
上面Slave_IO_Running和Slave_SQL_Running都为YES，说明主从已经配置好了。
总结
mysql常见架构有三种
单实例架构
主从复制
MHA高可用架构
其中主从复制一种是基于上面的binary log复制的方式，还有一种是基于全局事务标识（GTID）的方式。
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